CHRONOLOGY OF THE HISTORY OF LUSITANIA
THE LUSITANIAN HISTORY In this work the Chronology of the Lusitanian
History follows the date of the Christian Era and not the Lusitanian
one, and only because of practical reasons for the international divulgence
of our Lusitanian Nation abroad. CHRONOLOGY 600,000 B.C. - Paleolithic; First peoples from the Mediterranean settled in Iberia and Lusitania. 500,000 B.C. - Peoples of the Acheulense Culture are born in Iberia. 12,000 B.C. - Aurignacians, the ancestors of the Iberians, develop their culture. 10,000 B.C. - A lost tribe from Atlantis arrives to Iberian peninsula. 8,498 B.C. - Destruction of the Atlantean Civilization. 8,000 B.C. - Mesollithic; First influx of Iberian peoples from a Berber branch arrives to Iberia from the North of Africa. 6,000 B.C. - Started the writing scripture in the extreme south of Lusitania, in the first Kingdom of the Conian iberians. 5,000 B.C. - Neolithic; Second invasion of Iberian peoples from a branch of Georgian-Caucasians coming from Caucasus north arrive and conquest most of the Iberian peninsula. 4,000 B.C. - Megalithic; First original Civilization in Lusitania. 3,100 B.C. - Stone Age; Development of the Religion. 2,344 B.C. - Unification of the Royal Kingdom of Konii people. 2,000 B.C. - Bronze Age; Mysterious Peoples coming by sea from the East Mediterranean (Anatolia and Phoenicia) arrive to Iberia, and mix with native iberian peoples. Urban revolution. 1555 B.C. - Development of the Culture of El Argar, southwest of Iberia. 1300 B.C. - The first Indo-german ancestors of the Lusitanian people come to western Iberia peninsula, from Anatolia. 1200 B.C. - The Phoenicians found the town of Lisbon (Olisipo or Olisipón) in the coast of Ofiusia. 1150 B.C. - Lycian Peoples from Anatolia mixed with native Iberian and Lusitanian peoples in the coast. 1906 B.C. - The king Brigos established the town of Berikancia. 1000 B.C. - Foundation of the Phoenician colony of Agadir (Cadiz). 950 B.C. - People belonging to the Culture of the Urn Fields penetrate in all over Iberia. Some Iberian peoples arrive to Iberia after their departure from the Caucasus and pass through north Africa. 900 B.C. - Beginning of the Lusitanian Era. An Epoch with great progress and freedom. Lysus is chosen as the first king of the unified Lusitanian Kingdom. Some Proto-Celtic peoples come to Iberia. 850 B.C. - The Ligurians arrives to Iberia. 800 B.C. - Iron Age; Apogee of the Koni Civilization. 750 B.C. - The first Indo-German peoples arrive to Iberia. 654 B.C. - Foundation of the colony of Iboshim (Ibiza or Eubushus). Trade with the Ebro Valley peoples. 600 B.C. - The first Celtic tribes and other Indo-German tribes established in the lusitanian lands. They mixed with native Iberian Lusitanians tribes and founded an united kingdom. 580 B.C. - Foundation of the Greek colony of Emporion. 533 B.C. - The Kingdom of Tartessus are destroyed by Phoenicians. 500 B.C. - The Turduli people arrives to west of Lusitania. 480 B.C. - Iberian and Celtiberian mercenaries fight in the battle of Hímera. 460 B.C. - The Carthaginians invade the south of the Iberian peninsula. 450 B.C. Beginning of the last Iberian Civilization. The peoplemment of the middle Ebro by the Iberians starts. 237 B.C. - Amilcar Barca disembarks in Agadir to start the Carthaginian expansion of southern Iberia. 228 B.C. - Asdrubal, Barca´s son-in-law, get married to an Iberian princess. And establish the town of New Carthage (Qart Hadasht). 221 B.C. - The Carthaginian chief Anibal wins and submit the Celtic peoples (Carpetani) of the central peninsula. 219 B.C. - Anibal conquests the Iberian town of Arse (Saguntum). 218 B.C. - Beginning of the Second Punic War, between Rome and the town of Carthage, with the participation of many Iberian mercenaries. 217 B.C. - The Roman Empire invades in the Iberian peninsula, conquest and subject some peoples and territories. 209 B.C. - Rome annexes Hispania, except the Lusitania,
and divides it into two Provinces: Hispania Citerior and Hispania Ulterior.The
leaders of ilergetes people, Indibil e Mardonio, take the lead and revolt
against the Roman occupation. 205 B.C. - The Romans occupy Lisbon, with the help of some non-lusitanian tribes of the area. 201 B.C. - Ending of the Second Punic War. 197 B.C. - The territory of the independent Lusitania is still outside the Roman rule and control. 195 B.C. - Campaign of the Roman consul Caton against the Celtiberians. 194 B.C. - The Lusitanians attack and conquered the Ulterior Province, but are defeated in Ilipa. On the Betis Valley they are checked by the Roman troops of Scipio Nasica. 193 B.C. - Golden Age of the Lusitanian Empire for 50 years. The Lusitanians begin their new Independence War against the Roman occupation of other Iberian territories. The Romans forces attack and defeat the Vetones, Vacceus and Celtiberians, and capture the king Hilermo. 190 B.C. - The Lusitanians defeat the pretor of Ulterior Province, L. Paulus Emilius at Lycon in Bastetania, killing six thousands Roman soldiers and P.E. himself. 188 B.C. - Celtiberian insurrection against the Romans. 187 B.C. - Uprising of Lusitanian people against Roman occupation armies. 186 B.C. - The Romans defeat a big Lusitanian army near the town of Hasta, where Caio Attinio dies. 185 B.C. - The Roman armies defeat the Lusitanian and Celtiberian alliance. 182 B.C. - First Celtiberian War; the larger Celtiberian army known, with more than 35,000 fighters, combat against Romans. 181 B.C. - Large Celtiberian uprising against the Roman occupation. 180 B.C. - Viriato, the biggest Lusitanian and Iberian warrior is born in Folgosinho. T.S.Graco conquests 105 lusitanian towns and townships exhausted by the wars. 179 B.C. - Ending of the First Celtiberian War. 178 B.C. - The general T.S.Graco founds the Roman town of Graccurris. 171 B.C. - An Iberian embassy addressed to the Roman Senate complains about the injustices and abuses of the Roman administration and civil servants. 167 B.C. - Tiberius Semporius Gracus makes a treaty with some peoples of Hispania. A short period of peace follows. 169 B.C. - Foundation of a Roman colony in Cordoba. 163 B.C. - Rome attacks the Lusitanians, with massive destruction of towns, villages, fields and peoples. 155 B.C. - Decadence of the Lusitanian Empire. Beginning of the Second Lusitanian War against the Roman Empire for 20 years. A very large coalition of Lusitanians, Vetones and Celtiberians make the war against Rome. A big expedition of Lusitanian and Vetones troops leaded by Púnico and Caisaros against the Basto-Phoenicians. Defeat of the pretor Manilio by the Lusitanians headed by Púnico. 154 B.C. - The Lusitanians leaded by Púnico rout the pretor Calpurnio. 153 B.C. - Mummio is defeated by the Lusitanians of Caisaros. The Coinii become subjects of the Roman Empire. Lusitanian Alliance among Púnico, Caisaros, Cauceno and the Vetones, conquest in the south the Conii capital, Conistorgis. Beginning of the Second Celtiberian War against the Romans. Rome changes its strategy of war in Iberia. 152 B.C. - The Roman consul M.Claudio Marcelo, negotiate the peace with the Celtiberians. M.Atilio goes in the Lusitanian capital, Oxthracas. 151 B.C. - Sergio Sulpicio Galba is defeated by the Lusitanians. And as a revenge, he deceives the Lusitanians in a big ambush with a false treaty about distribution of lands, where he murders more than nine thousands Lusitanians and about twenty thousands young men are sold like slaves for slavery. 150 B.C. - S.S. Galba is condemned by his crime, but later on is forgiven in exchange for money; and five years later he is rewarded with the title of consul of Rome. Lusitania was partially conquered by the Roman Empire. 147 B.C. - O pretor Vetilio defeat more than ten thousands Lusitanians who attack Turdetania. The new Lusitanian chief Viriato leads his people in the war against the Romans; and defeats Vetilio in Tribola. 146 B.C. - The Lusitanian chief Viriato defeats the questor C. Plancio in the Carpetania; captures the town of Segobriga and defeats Claudio Unimano, the governor of the Citerior province. Later on, Viriato controls all over the Ulterior Roman province. 145 B.C. - C. Nigidio is defeated by the army of Viriato. 144 B.C. - Viriato is defeated in Baetica by Q. Fabio Maximo, and take refuge in Baikor. 143 B.C. - Apparent peace in the Celtiberian Meseta. Beginning of the war in Numantia. Victory of Q.C.Metelo in Celtiberia. The roman armies take Nertobriga, Centobriga and Contrebia. Viriato wins power in Tucci, after a pact with mountainous tribes. 142 B.C. - Viriato is acclaimed chief of Celtiberians and Numantinos. Metelo attacks the Vacceus during the wheat´s harvest. 141 B.C. - Q. Pompeu fails his attacks to Numantia and Termantia. Fabio M. Serviliano is defeated by the Lusitanians and establish the peace. The army of Lusitania disorganize, and this one divides itself in small private armies and armed groups leaded by some Roman deserters and local tyrants. 140 B.C. - Viriato receives the “amicus populi romani” title, or “friend of the Roman People”, and Lusitania gains some real independence recognized by Rome. New defeat of Pompeu in Numantia. 139 B.C. - Pompeo signs the peace with Numantia, and impose a tribute of thirty silver Talentos. The Roman Senate breaks the peace with the Lusitans and orders Ponpilio Lenas to break the agreement with Numantia. Viriato takes refuge in the Venus´Mount, and starts negotiations with Q. Servilio Cipion. 138 B.C. - Terminates the Second Lusitanian War. Viriato is murdered by his lieutenants, Audax, Ditakkon and Minura, bought by Rome. The new Lusitanian chief is Tautalo, but when defeated in Saguntum, he makes a pact with Servilio Cipion. 136 B.C. - Decio Junio Bruto, proconsul of Ulterior, defeat the Lusitanians and Gallaeci, and captures Talabriga. 133 B.C. - Final of the Second Celtiberian War against Rome. Submission and destruction of Numantia, the capital of Arevacci people. 132 B.C. - Beginning of a long period of peace in all Iberian peninsula. 114 B.C. - Caio dominates the Lusitanians and control most of the lusitanian lands and towns. 113 B.C. - The Cimbrians and Teutones (Cimbri and Teutonic) german peoples arriving from the Baltic, attack the Roman Empire, but in Iberia they are defected by the Celtiberians. 109 B.C. - Ending of the relative peace in Iberia. Lusitanian uprisings against the Roman occupation. 104 B.C. - Other german tribes invade the peninsula, but are defeated by Celtiberians. 94 B.C. - The Lusitanians are dominated by the roman proconsul Publi L. Craso. 80 B.C. - The Lusitanians invite a Roman deserter to lead the people, because of some disunion among the different Lusitanian tribes and local chiefs. 78 B.C. - Beginning of the Sertorian wars against Rome in Lusitania and roman Iberia. 72 B.C. - Ending of the Sertorian war. The general Sertório is murdered by his lieutenants in fields, Perpena and Tarquicio. The Vascones collaborated with Rome, and conquest new territories after defeated the Celtiberians. 29 B.C. - Start of the Cantabrian Wars against the Roman occupation. 27 B.C. - August pacifies Hispania once and for all, except the mountains of Lusitania where the resistance was still very active. In occupied Iberia three provinces are created: Lusitania, Boetica and Tarraconensis. 26 B.C. - Roman crontol over all the lands of Lusitania, but few cantons in the mountains. 25 B.C. - Defeat and pacification of all Lusitania under the Roman domination. 19 B.C. - Ending of the Cantabrian wars against Rome. 1 B.C. - Cinania is the last Lusitanian town to resist against the Roman invasion. 0 B.C. Black Era of Lusitania and Iberia, it will last during and for about two thousands years. 100 A.D. - The Mauri (from north ofAfrica) invade the south of Iberia, but are defeated. 264 A.D. - First migration of a Suevi german tribe into Hispania. 400 A.D. - Some German tribes (Suevi, and Vandals Asting) attack the Iberian peninsula. 411 A.D. - The Alans, a persian tribe coming from Caucasus, arrive to Iberia. The Visigoths sign an alliance with Rome, which enables them to establish a Visigoth federation in Hispania. 416 A.D. - The Visigoths, allied of Rome, attack the other german tribes in all Iberian peninsula. 419 A.D. - The roman town of Lisbon is pillaged by the Goths. 453 A.D. - The Suevi conquest Lisbon. 476 A.D. - Fall of the Western Roman Empire. 554 A.D. - During the campaigns of Justinian, southern Hispania and a part of Lusitania, falls into the hands of the Bizantine Empire. 585 A.D. - The Visigoths defeat the last Kingdom of Sueves. 586 A.D. - The first Visigoth king, Recaredo is crowned. 623 A.D. - The Visigoths conquer the last Bizantine bastions in Lusitania. 711 A.D. - Berber and other islamic arab tribes from North Africa invade the Iberian peninsula, defeating the german barbarians. 714 A.D. - The Mouros (an Islamic people from northern Africa) conquest Lisbon. 753 A.D. - Fruela, a Christian hero try to conquest Lisbon. 800 A.D. - Beginning of a long period of peace and development in all the Iberian peninsula for some years. 1000 A.D. - Tragedy in Lusitania; more than 100,000 Lusitanians are killed in a global uprising against the occupation of Lusitania, by a coalition of neo-roman/portuguese, gothic-german/spanish and other foreign mercenaries and war lords. 1095 A.D. - The Portuguese minority (speaking a neo-latin language but from racial franco-german background) get the full the power in Callecia. 1111 A.D. - Dom Afonso Henriques, from borgundy ancestry and with french blood, is the First Portuguese King. 1128 A.D. - The Portuguese monarchy invaded, conquested and overcomes the Lusitanian Lands. 1137 A.D. - The Lusitanian resistance is defeated near Seia by the Portuguese armies leaded by french and spanish mercenaries. 1143 A.D. - Rome, the Holy Faith, recognises the Kingdom of Portugal and extinguishes the Lusitanian Nation now under portuguese domination. 1385 A.D. - The Spanish invaders are expelled by the union of the native Lusitanian and mixed neo-latin Portuguese. 1640 A.D. - The resistance in Portugal, defeat and expel definitely the Spanish invaders and kings. 1801 A.D. - Some Portuguese cowards and traitors sell the Lusitanian town of Olivença to the Spanish imperialism. 1811 A.D. - The Lusitanian and the Portuguese forces together against the common enemy, defeat the napoleonic armies and expel the French invasion. During the french withdrawal the french armies steal the portuguese royal treasure and destroy some lusitanian towns and villages, killing thousand and thousands of native lusitanians. 1820 A.D. - England is expelled from the national territory by the alliance of native Lusitanian and elitist Portuguese patriotic forces. 1828 A.D. - The portuguese Monarchists defeat the Liberals during the Civil War. 1832 A.D. - A Liberal revolt is crushed by the Monarchists with the help of foreign military powers. 1836 A.D. - New Liberal Revolution. The portuguese democrats and the liberals win the power. A new Civil War last for two years. The Portuguese government and elitesand against peoples´s will, dissolves in Lusitania hundreds of local counties. 1842 A.D. - New military coup. In Portugal a new Constitution is proclaimed. 1846 A.D. - New popular revolt. The heroine Maria da Fonte leads the people against the Constitutional Monarchy. 1910 A.D. - The Portuguese Republic substitutes the Portuguese Monarchy. 1926 A.D. - A fascist military coup knock down the Portuguese democracy. The Portuguese democratic minority and the Lusitanian majority are repressed. 1957 A.D. - The local portuguese elite with the support of the portuguese colonial Governor and of the fascist National Guard occupy the Lusitanian village of Colmeal (Kolmenari) with the destruction of the houses and dozens of deads, in 8th of July of 1957. Today Kolmenari is a ghost village and a symbol of Lusitania. That's why this date is the second most important day of the lusitanian self-consciencious community, the Day of the Resistance of the Lusitanian People for Freedom. 1974 A.D. - A military coup supported by a popular revolution, ends with the portuguese fascist dictatorship and installs the parliamentary democracy in Portugal. 1975 A.D. - The Portuguese minority promises to recognize the regions, social, political, historical, cultural and rights of the portuguese, of the native Lusitanian majority and of the other regional peoples of Portugal. 1989 A.D. - Rome and the international capitalism forces the adhesion of Portugal to the European Union. 2000 A.D. - Revival of the modern Lusitanian nationalism, with the establishment of the first ever lusitanian nationalist groups and organisations fighting for the autonomy of the Lusitanian Nation within the Portuguese Republic. 2001 A.D. - Establishment of the first Lusitanian group fighting for total independence and separation of Lusitania from Portugal. 2005 A.D. - The first victory of the modern Lusitanian nationalism, with the Proclamation of the Sovereign Chart of Lusitanian People, in 25th September of 2005 in the small town of Oxthrakai. That's the National Day of Lusitania.
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